紀錄片的魅力

大一時在宿舍看《Most Evil》是我第一次感受到紀錄片的魅力，但因為這個紀錄片系列都在探討連續殺人犯是怎麼養成的，因此也帶點窺探、獵奇的動機，不完全是因為紀錄片本身。

When I was a freshman, watching “Most Evil" in the dormitory was the first time I felt the charm of documentaries. However, because the documentary series explores how serial killers are formed, there was also a bit of a voyeuristic and macabre motive, not solely because of the documentary itself.

接著是我真正被紀錄片擄獲的時刻，那是2013年被大兩屆的學姐(我姊的高中同學)邀約去松菸的誠品電影院觀賞《一首搖滾上月球》，我記得自己後半段幾乎泣不成聲，太投入了。觀影後學姐對我說了一句話，我記到現在：「紀錄片是很有力量的。」

Then came the moment when I was truly captivated by documentaries. It was in 2013 when a senior schoolmate of my sister’s invited me to watch “Rock Me To The Moon" at the Eslite Spectrum Songyan store cinema. I remember being completely absorbed in the second half and almost in tears. After the screening, the senior schoolmate said something to me that I still remember to this day: “Documentaries have great power."

紀錄片不用雕飾就有獨特的力量。

Documentaries have a unique power without the need for embellishment.

當時的電影票我還有拍下來呢。

I still have the movie ticket from back then.

在學生時代個人網站很夯，那時我也很著迷於看各種網站，看素人們的文章、繪圖，十分喜歡那種觀看他人真實生活的感覺。現在也會看看一些個人部落格，比起IG、FB、TW，部落格一直是個較能展現個人特色的媒介。

During my student years, personal websites were all the rage, and I was fascinated with browsing various sites, reading articles and viewing amateur artwork. I loved the feeling of peering into other people’s real lives. Even now, I still read some personal blogs. Compared to IG, FB, and TW, blogs have always been a medium that better showcases personal characteristics.

近期Netflix上架了許多紀錄片系列，我也看了不少，以下是我記得看過的紀錄片(之前都沒有好好記錄下來，只能靠記憶)，都很不錯，推薦大家，每次看完都有種看見新世界的感受。

Recently, Netflix has released many documentary series, and I have watched quite a few of them. Here are some that I remember watching and found to be excellent. I recommend them to everyone. Every time I finish watching, I have a sense of discovering a new world.

以下則是我目前正在看的紀錄片：

The following are the documentaries I am currently watching:

紀錄片和改編的影片，我喜歡直接觀看紀錄片，我不適應改編影片過度強調人物的情感和受害者與罪犯的互動，還有那種像是要觀眾對罪犯產生認同的闡述方式。

I prefer watching documentaries over adaptations because I find it difficult to adjust to the overly emotional emphasis on the characters and the interaction between the victim and the criminal in the latter. Moreover, the way they portray the criminal in a manner that seeks to generate sympathy for them from the audience bothers me.

例如《追緝殺人護士》、《與殺人魔對話：傑佛瑞·丹墨訪談錄》都有改編成電影和影集，《追緝殺人護士》改編的電影受惠於演員的演技，我覺得呈現得還不錯，但與紀錄片比較之後就會發現電影沒有呈現出罪犯的可惡之處，而是聚焦於告發者和罪犯的親暱互動。

For instance, “Capturing the Killer Nurse" and “Conversations with a Killer: The Jeffrey Dahmer Tapes" have both been adapted into movies and series. The movie adaptation of “Capturing the Killer Nurse" benefits from the actors’ performances, and I think it was presented quite well. However, after comparing it with the documentary, I noticed that the movie failed to portray the despicable nature of the criminal and instead focused on the intimacy between the accuser and the criminal.

紀錄片裡頭的罪犯錄音：「我沒辦法看他們痛苦，所以要了結他們的生命。」(說什麼呢！你可是了結了一堆已經康復準備要出院的病患的生命啊！而且如果你沒辦法看人痛苦，你幹嘛在加護病房工作？甚至你給病患注射癱瘓藥讓他們在有意識的狀態下感受到自己漸漸邁向死亡，這不是在凌虐病患嗎？)、「多希望有人能更早一點阻止我。」(說什麼呢！你若真心希望被人逮捕，你為什麼要躲藏？為什麼要隱瞞？為什麼不自首？)

In the documentary, we can hear the criminal’s voice recording saying, “I couldn’t bear to see them in pain, so I decided to end their lives." (What is he talking about? He ended the lives of many patients who were already recovering and about to leave the hospital. Moreover, if he couldn’t bear to see people in pain, why did he choose to work in the ICU? He even injected patients with paralyzing drugs to make them experience their own conscious deterioration towards death. Isn’t this torture?) “I wish someone could have stopped me earlier." (What is he talking about? If he really wished to be caught, why did he hide? Why did he cover up? Why didn’t he turn himself in?)

我完全不希望有人對罪犯表示同情，希望大家知道這種良心0%的人吐露出來的話語是那麼的令人不齒。

I absolutely do not want anyone to sympathize with the criminal. I hope that everyone knows that the words spoken by these people with zero conscience are so repulsive.

而《與殺人魔對話：傑佛瑞·丹墨訪談錄》改編的影集我只看了第一集的前幾分鐘就受不了了，我無法忍受影集聚焦於受害者和罪犯的互動，讓觀看者像是置身在受害者的處境，觀看的壓力太大了，而看影評似乎有人著迷於影集塑造出的罪犯形象，但其實若觀看紀錄片，會發現罪犯的訪談錄音完全呈現出他是一個良心0%的可惡之人、一個狡猾之人。

I couldn’t stand watching more than a few minutes of the first episode of the TV series “Conversations with a Killer: The Jeffrey Dahmer Tapes," which is based on the interviews with serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer. I couldn’t bear the focus on the interaction between the victims and the perpetrator, which made the viewers feel as if they were in the victims’ shoes and subjected them to unbearable pressure. Although some people seem to be fascinated by the image of the killer portrayed in the series, if they watch the documentary, they will find that the audio recordings of the killer’s interviews completely reveal him as a despicable person with zero conscience and a cunning mind.

我喜歡紀錄片勝於一切的原因在於紀錄片不需加油添醋只要平鋪直敘就能將整個案件的各種立場呈現，加害者的立場、辯護律師的立場、檢察官的立場、受害者方的立場，觀看後觀眾自然心裡有數，而不會施加影片製作方的立場予觀眾，我認為這樣比較能對案件有較為中立的看法。

The reason why I prefer documentaries over everything else is that documentaries can present the various standpoints of a case without any embellishment. The perspective of the offender, defense attorneys, prosecutors, and the victims can be presented in a straightforward manner, and viewers can come to their own conclusions after watching it, without being influenced by the filmmaker’s position. I believe that this approach provides a more neutral perspective on the case.

而紀錄片的目的在於讓觀看者能夠記取教訓，防人之心不可無，在於知道人性的黑暗面、知道若置於那樣的處境習得無助感是讓人無法脫離地獄的主要原因。能救自己的只有自己！疑懼者才能生存！

The purpose of a documentary is to let viewers learn a lesson and always be on guard. It is important to know the dark side of human nature and understand that a sense of helplessness in certain situations is the main reason people cannot escape from hell. Only the fearful can survive!

我最常觀看的案件類型是邪教、連續殺人犯、性侵案件，最近觀看學妹推薦的《不能見光的愛》則是少數看完心裡會產生暖意的紀錄片。對於環保的紀錄片則沒有太高的興致，因為環保牽扯到政經利益總令人氣餒。

The type of cases I watch most often in documentaries are cults, serial killers, and sexual assault cases. Recently, I watched “A Secret Love" recommended by my junior, which is one of the few documentaries that left me feeling warm inside after watching it. I am not particularly interested in environmental documentaries because the issue of environmental protection is often tied to political and economic interests, which can be discouraging.

歡迎大家推薦我正向的紀錄片！

Please feel free to recommend positive documentaries to me!

另外，關於毫無良知之人，可以閱讀這本書——《4%的人毫無良知 我該怎麼辦？》會更理解這種人的言行。

Regarding people with no conscience, you can read the book “The Sociopath Next Door" to gain a better understanding of their behavior.

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2023年3月17日更新

Update on March 17, 2023

讀完《阿德勒心理學講義》覺得這本書提及的觀念很適合拿來理解連續殺人犯和邪教教主，與大家分享我的書摘。

After finishing “The Science of Living" by Alfred Adler, I found that the concepts mentioned in the book are very suitable for understanding serial killers and cult leaders. I would like to share some excerpts from the book with you.

罪犯通常認為自己的犯行機敏又勇敢，且相信自己達成了一個充滿優越感的目標，自認比警察聰明、自認是英雄，他們對社會不感興趣，他們的活躍表現在生命無用的面向，他們缺乏勇氣又怯懦而毫不自知。投身在無用面向的人，往往害怕黑暗與孤獨，希望有人相伴。阻止犯罪的最佳之道，便是讓所有人明白：「犯罪不過是怯懦的表現。」

Criminals usually perceive their actions as clever and brave, and believe that they have achieved a goal filled with a sense of superiority. They consider themselves smarter than the police and see themselves as heroes. They lack interest in society, and their activity manifests in an aspect of life that is useless. They are cowardly and lack courage without realizing it. People who engage in useless activities often fear darkness and loneliness and hope to have someone to accompany them. The best way to prevent crime is to make everyone understand that “crime is only a manifestation of cowardice."

第一講　生活的科學

嚴刑峻罰非但嚇阻不了犯罪，反而會讓罪犯堅信自己才是英雄。他們的人生原型追逐的是虛假的目標，過的是無用的人生。

Severe punishment not only fails to deter crime, but also reinforces criminals’ belief that they are heroes. Their life prototypes pursue false goals and live useless lives.

第一講　生活的科學

自以為是耶穌基督或凱撒大帝的自大狂處在生命的無益面向，對自己扮演的角色太過投入，弄假成真。他們活在孤立的世界中，若回顧他們的過去，會發現他們因自卑感而發展出優越情結，走上一條毫無價值的人生路。

Narcissistic psychopaths who believe they are Jesus Christ or Julius Caesar live in a futile realm of life, so invested in their roles that they make the delusional become reality. They inhabit a solitary world and upon reflection, their past reveals they developed a superiority complex due to feelings of inferiority, and embarked on a path of worthless existence.

第三講　優越情結

罪犯藉由逃入生命中的無益面向來逃避自己的自卑情結。

Criminals use the useless aspects of life to escape their own feelings of inferiority.

第三講　優越情結

每個人都有自卑感，但自卑感不是疾病，而是刺激人們以健全態度、努力向上發展的力量。唯有自卑感無法激勵人從事有益活動，且讓人終日憂鬱、難以發展時，自卑感才是一種疾病(自卑情結)。

Everyone has feelings of inferiority, but it is not an illness; rather, it is a driving force that stimulates people to develop with a healthy attitude and strive for progress. Only when feelings of inferiority fail to motivate people to engage in beneficial activities and instead cause them to feel depressed and unable to develop, do such feelings become a disease (inferiority complex).

第三講　優越情結

優越情結是有自卑情結的人用來逃避困境的一種方法，在覺得「自己不夠好」時反轉了心境，假設「自己最好」，這種虛偽的成就感彌補了他無法承受的自卑。

The superiority complex is a way for people with an inferiority complex to escape from their predicament. When feeling “not good enough," they reverse their mindset and assume “they are the best," and this false sense of achievement compensates for the inferiority they cannot bear.

第三講　優越情結

正常的人，不僅沒有優越情結，連優越感也沒有。他們之所以努力追求優越，是因每個人都有想成功的企圖心。只要是追求有用的事物，價值觀就不會偏差，精神方面的疾病，正始於價值觀的偏差。

Normal people don’t have superiority complexes or even feelings of superiority. The reason why they strive for superiority is because everyone has the aspiration to succeed. As long as they pursue useful things, their values will not deviate, and mental illnesses begin with deviations in values.

第三講　優越情結

正常人具備足夠的精力和勇氣，積極面對問題和困境。精力和勇氣正是精神病患(psychopathic：表示行為衝動、缺乏正常良好的判斷力或不能理解他人行為的人)所缺乏的。

Normal people have enough energy and courage to actively face problems and difficulties. Energy and courage are exactly what psychopathic patients lack, which means they exhibit impulsive behavior, lack good judgment, or cannot understand the behavior of others.

第四講　人生風格

當一個人的自卑感很強烈，便會立下一個充滿優越感的目標，在現實生活中，他們會以高姿態出現，用優越情結掩蓋自我懷疑。

When a person’s sense of inferiority is strong, they will set a goal that is full of superiority. In real life, they will appear with a high attitude and use a superiority complex to cover up their self-doubt.

第五講　早期記憶

一個人會有自卑情結通常和「我沒有任何特殊才能」這種想法有關。擁有這種想法的人認為人有優劣之分，有人天賦異稟，有人則否。不相信個體心理學的主張——「任何人都能有任何成就」——而相信「人的成就完全取決於先天的能力」，覺得自己絕對無法在人生的有益面向上達成目標，就是自卑情結在作祟。

A person’s feelings of inferiority are often related to the belief that “I have no special talents." People who have this belief think that there are differences in people’s innate abilities. They do not believe in the principles of individual psychology that “anyone can achieve anything," but instead believe that “a person’s achievements are entirely determined by their innate abilities." They feel that they can never achieve their goals in useful aspects of life, and this is where their inferiority complex comes into play.

第十講　社會感、常識與自卑情結

自卑感是人類努力與成就的基礎，卻也是所有心理調適不良問題的根源。人若找不到合適且具體的優越目標，就會發展出自卑情結。自卑情結讓人避之唯恐不及，這種逃避心態就會轉換成優越情結，使人落在人生無用空虛的目標，因虛假的成就感沾沾自喜。

Feelings of inferiority are the foundation of human effort and achievement, but they are also the root of all maladjustment problems in psychology. If a person cannot find a suitable and specific superior goal, they will develop an inferiority complex. The inferiority complex makes people avoid it like the plague, and this avoidance mentality can turn into a superiority complex, causing people to fall into a meaningless and empty goal in life, being complacent with a false sense of achievement.

第十三講　結語

引導孩子培養適當的社會興趣，幫助他們建立有益而健全的目標，訓練孩子適應社會的能力，才能妥善控制人皆有之的自卑感，避免引發自卑情結或優越情結。

Guiding children to develop appropriate social interests, helping them establish beneficial and healthy goals, and training them to adapt to society are the key to properly controlling the common feeling of inferiority in all people, avoiding the development of inferiority or superiority complexes.

第十三講　結語

正因人皆自卑而脆弱，才會過著群居的社會生活，社會興趣與社會合作是人的救贖。

It is precisely because everyone has feelings of inferiority and vulnerability that we live in a social society. Social interests and cooperation are the salvation of humanity.

第十三講　結語

以上英文皆運用ChatGPT Mar 23 Version翻譯，(除了劇名及書名)未經任何人為修飾。